合肥七中老師解讀2017年高考全國Ⅰ卷英語試卷評析
時間:2017-06-13 16:07 作者:湯道兵 來源:未知 閱讀次數: 次
從總體上看,2017年高考英語試題內容選材豐富,考查要求深入淺出,基于英語學科必備知識、關鍵能力、學科素養(yǎng)及核心價值命制試題,突出基礎性、綜合性、應用性和創(chuàng)新性考查。試卷難度略有提升。試題重點突出,命題思路清晰,重點考查英語運用能力。筆者認真分析研究了全國I卷英語試題,并對各部分試題做了詳盡的分析,包括語篇的話題、體裁、詞數、難度、難點詞、搭配、長難句等,并根據語篇內容增加百科知識,幫助讀者更好地理解語篇,了解高考命題思路。2017年高考英語命題體現(xiàn)高考評價體系——“一核四層四翼”的總體要求,圍繞立德樹人的教育根本任務,緊扣全國統(tǒng)一考試大綱,以考查關鍵能力和學科素養(yǎng)為主要目標,堅持穩(wěn)中求發(fā)展。
一、2017年高考英語試題的特色
(一)落實立德樹人根本任務,凸顯思想性和育人功能
語言是知識與文化的載體,也是思維方式的體現(xiàn)。2017年高考英語試題的所有語篇和材料圍繞人與自我、人與社會、人與自然三大主題,題材涉及故事、科普、人文、社會現(xiàn)象、文化活動等,體裁包括記敘文、說明文、議論文、應用文等。試題內容豐富、體裁多樣、時代性強,充分體現(xiàn)了高考的思想性和育人功能。
第一,融入中國優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化,通過“講好中國故事”引導增強文化自信。
2017年全國I卷寫作部分第二節(jié)設置了考生教外國朋友學習漢語的情境,要求考生寫封郵件告知外國朋友下次上課計劃,內容包括學習唐詩和了解唐朝的歷史。全國II卷同一題型要求考生給外教寫封郵件邀請他參觀中國剪紙藝術展。這些情境設置真實,任務要求符合考生能力水平,又自然融入了我國優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化的內容,能夠引導考生在使用外語了解世界的同時,注重傳承和發(fā)揚中華民族優(yōu)秀文明成果,運用中國元素講好中國故事,增強文化自信。
第二,深度發(fā)掘文章思想內涵,引導關注人類命運共同體。
2017年全國I卷、II卷、III卷的閱讀理解分別選取了野生動物保護、植物科學研究、生態(tài)系統(tǒng)平衡維護等話題設置相關試題,引導考生在理解文章內容和作者觀點態(tài)度的基礎上關注中國和世界發(fā)展大勢,深入思考人與自然的關系,體悟和諧發(fā)展之道。全國II卷的其中一篇閱讀理解文章介紹了國家大劇院和位于“一帶一路”沿線城市多家劇院的演出信息,引導考生在形成國際視野的過程中正確認識中國特色,進行國際比較。
第三,介紹報道科學知識,引導養(yǎng)成科學精神和人文情懷。
2017年全國I卷閱讀理解選取的科普文章是介紹如何自制便攜式太陽能蒸餾器在野外獲取飲用水;II卷的科普文章是報道國外一家公司研發(fā)飛行汽車的最近進展;III卷的科普文章是介紹一所大學的研究團隊為保證老年人自行駕車從而能夠獨立自主生活而進行的輔助駕駛系統(tǒng)研發(fā)過程。這些文章和題目不僅能讓考生體會到科學的無限趣味和實際功用,還會促使考生深入思考科技創(chuàng)新在人類生活和發(fā)展過程中起到的重要作用,有利于引導考生養(yǎng)成科學精神和人文情懷。
(二)科學設計試題內容,著力提升試題質量
2017年高考英語試題繼續(xù)采用“一綱多卷”形式,各套試題充分考慮不同地區(qū)考生群體水平,合理控制難度,進一步提高試題區(qū)分度。2017年高考英語試題內容選材豐富,考查要求深入淺出,基于英語學科必備知識、關鍵能力、學科素養(yǎng)及核心價值命制試題,突出基礎性、綜合性、應用性和創(chuàng)新性考查。各套試卷中所選語篇和材料難度水平呈階梯式分布,題目類型多樣且難易搭配合理,考查要點覆蓋面廣,各難度層級試題數量比例合適,能夠區(qū)分不同能力水平的考生。
試卷導航
二、2017年高考英語試題深度解讀解讀
第一部分: 2017年全國I卷英語聽力試題詳細分析
聽力部分要求考生聽懂有關日常生活中所熟悉的話題,如:評價電影、去法國的計劃、準備聚會、借閱圖書、了解去倫敦火車的時間、尋找修鞋店鋪、餐館點餐、約定見面時間、去德國工作、Juárez的酷熱天氣。與往常相同,聽力部分中有10段聽力材料,其中的5段較短,另5段則較長。話題覆蓋面廣,對話內容邏輯清楚,話語流暢。所考查的聽力微技能包括:理解主旨和要義、獲取事實性的具體信息、對所聽內容作出簡單推斷、理解談話人的意圖、觀點和態(tài)度。問題涉及多個方面,多個角度,采用where-, when-, why-, how-, what-等多種特殊疑問句。
1. 語速:168詞/分(比2016年每分鐘快21詞)
2. 錄音稿總詞數:894詞(比2016年多78詞)
3. 語音:美音(沒變)
4. 錄音人:Kris Chung, Tushka Bergen
詳見以下統(tǒng)計:
考點統(tǒng)計表
錄音數據統(tǒng)計表
話題統(tǒng)計表
第二部分 閱讀理解 (共兩節(jié),滿分40分)
第一節(jié) (共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分)
閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。
第二部分 閱讀理解 (共兩節(jié),滿分40分)
第一節(jié) (共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分)
閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。
A
Pacific Science Center Guide
◆Visit Pacific Science Center’s Store
Don’t forget to stop by Pacific Science Center’s Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or remember your visit. The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laster Dome.
◆Hungry
Our exhibits will feed your mind but what about your body? Our café offers a complete menu of lunch and snack options, in addition to seasonals. The café is located upstairs in Building 1 and is open daily until one hour Pacific Science Center closes.
◆Rental Information
Lockers are available to store any belongs during your visit. The lockers are located in Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance. ID required.
◆Support Pacific Science Center
Since 1962 Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passion(熱情) for discovery and lifelong @ in science, math and technology. Today Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and beings inquiry based science education to classrooms and company events all over Washington State. It’s an amazing accomplishment and one we connect science without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations. Wish pacificorganzier.org to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center.
21.Where are you buy a at Scicnce Center?
A.In Building 1. B. In Building 3.
C.At the last Denny. D.At the Denny Way entrance.
22.What does Pucific Scicnce Center do for schools?
A.Traitn Scicnce teachers. B.Disncie scicnce books.
C. Disncie scicnctific research. D.Take scicnce to the classroom.
23.What is the peapose of the last part of the text?
A.To coccerage dcetions. B.To advertise coming events.
C.To introbace spocial exhibits. D.To tell about the center’s history
B
I work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley. Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain. However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.
I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl(貓頭鷹) on the ground. When I arrived, I saw a 2-to 3-week-old owl. It had already .been placed in a carrier for safety.
I examined the chick(雛鳥) and it seemed fine. If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put it back, but no luck. My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.
The homeowner was very helpful. A wire basket was found. I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down.
Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks. These advertise the presence of chicks to adults; they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well. I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.
A nervous night to be sure,but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all! The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings. I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active. And it was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight of all — LUNCH!The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so.
24.What is unavoidable in the author’s rescue work according ro paragraph 1?
A.Efforts made in vain. B.Getting injured in his work.
C.Feeling uncertain about his future. D.Creatures forced out of their homes.
25.Why was the author called to Muttontown?
A.To rescue a woman. B.To take care of a woman.
C.To look at a baby owl. D.To cure a young owl.
26.What made the chick calm down?
A.A new nest. B.Some food.
C.A recording. D.Its parents.
27.How would the author feel about the outcome of the event?
A.It’s unexpected. B. It’s beautiful.
C. It’s humorous. D. It’s discouraging.
C
Some of the world’s most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day. UNESCO( United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying(聯(lián)合) voice across cultures.
Despite the celebrations, though, in the U.S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.
It’s Jason Moran’s job to help change that. As the Kennedy Center’s artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture.
“Jazz seems like it’s not really a part of the American appetite,” Moran tells National Public Radio’s reporter Neal Conan. “What I’m hoping to accomplish is that mu generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and write anymore. It’s actually color, and it’s actually digital.”
Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost. “The music can’t be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958. It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same,” says Moran.
Last year, Moran worked on a project that arranged Fats Waller’s music for a dance party, “Just to kind of put it back in the mind that Waller is dance music as much as it is concert music,” says Moran. “For me, it’s the recontextualization. In music, where does the emotion(情感) lie? Are we, as abstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue about our emotions and our thoughts? Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider context,” says Moran, “So I want to continue those dialogue. Those are the things I want to foster.”
28.Why did UNESCO set April 30 as International Jazz Day?
A.To remember the birth of jazz. B.To protect cultural diversity.
C.To encourage people to study music. D.To recognize the value of jazz.
29.What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A.Jazz becoming more accessible. B.The production of jazz growing faster.
C.Jazz being less popular with the young. D.The jazz audience becoming larger.
30.What can we infer about Moran’s opinion on jazz?
A.It will disappear gradually. B.It remains black and white.
C.It should keep up with the times. D.It changes every 50 years.
31.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A.Exploring the Future of jazz. B.The Rise and Fall of jazz.
C.The Story of a jazz Musician. D.Celebrating the Jazz Day.
D
A buld-it-yourself solar still(蒸餾器) is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available. Developed by two doctors in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, it’s an excellent water collector. Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since it’s all but impossible to find natural substitutes. The only components required, though, are a 5’ 5’ sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic, six feet of plastic tube, and a container— perhaps just a drinking cup — to catch the water. These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.
To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catcher’s productivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up — and out — the side of the hole.
Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet’s center down with a rock. The plastic should now form a cone(圓錐體) with 45-degree-angled sides. The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over, and no more than three inches above, the cup.
The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic. Ground water evaporates (蒸發(fā)) and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form, run down the material and fall off into the cup. When the container is full, you can suck the refreshment out through the tube, and won’t have to break down the still every time you need a drink.
32.What do we know about the solar still equipment from the first paragraph?
A.It’s delicate. B.It’s expensive.
C.It’s complex. D.It’s portable
33.What does the underlined phrase “the water catcher” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A.The tube B.The still
C.The hole D.The cup
34.What’s the last step of constructing a working solar still?
A.Dig a hole of a certain size B.Put the cup in place
C.Weight the sheet’s center down D.Cover the hole with the plastic sheet
35.When a solar still works, drops of water come into the cup form.
A.the plastic tube B.outside the hole
C.the open air D.beneath the sheet
第二節(jié) (共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)
根據短文內容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping. I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insects bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. 36 .
The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer.
37 We sleep in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor`s bill for my son`s food poisoning.
I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness.
38 Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life.
39 We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.
40 It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.
A.This time there was no tent. B.Things are going to be improved.
C.The trip they took me on was a rough one.
D.I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.
E.I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.
F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.
完型填空
第三部分 語言知識運用 (共兩節(jié),滿分45分)
第一節(jié) (共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分)
閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life,college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this 41 process and found something that has changed my 42 at college for the better:I discovered ASL-American Sign Language(美式手語).
I never felt an urge to 43 any sign language before.My entire family is hearing,and so are all my friends.The 44 language were enough in all my interactions(交往).Little did I know that I would discover my 45 for ASL.
The 46 began during my first week at college. I watched as the ASL Club 47 their translation of a song. Both the hand movements and the very 48 of communicating without speaking 49 me. What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the 50 .This newness just left me 51 more.
After that, feeling the need to 52 further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL club`s meetings. I only learned how to 53 the alphabet that day. Yet instead of being discouraged by my 54 progress,I was excited. I then made it a point to 55 those meetings and learn all I could.
The following term, I 56 an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was 57 . I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 58 , if there had been any talking, it would have 59 us to learn less. Now, I appreciate the silence and the 60 way of communication it opens.
41. A. searching B. planning C.natural D. formal
42. A. progress B. experience C. major D. opinion
43. A. choose B. read C. learn D. create
44. A. official B. foreign C. body D. spoken
45. A. love B. concern C. goal D. request
46. A. meeting B. trip C. story D. task
47. A. recorded B. performed C. recited D. discussed
48. A. idea B. amount C. dream D. reason
49. A. disturbed B. supported C. embarrassed D. attracted
50. A. end B. past C. course D. distance
51. A. showing B. acting C. saying D. wanting
52. A. exercise B. explore C. express D. explain
53. A. print B. write C. sign D. count
54. A. slow B. steady C. normal D. obvious55. A. chair B. sponsor C. attend D. organize
56. A. missed B. passed C. gave up D. registered for
57. A. prohibited B. welcomed C. ignored D. repeated
58.A.Lastly B.Thus C.Instead D.However
59.A.required B.caused C.allowed D.expected
60.A.easy B.popular C.quick D.new
第二節(jié) (共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入 1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(醫(yī)學界) 61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.
Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃點心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health.
第四部分 寫作 (共兩節(jié),滿分35分)
第一節(jié) 短文改錯 (共10小題;每小題l分,滿分10分)
假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。
修改:在錯的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意: 1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;
2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計分。
In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank, I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “Turning left!” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.
第二節(jié)書面表達(滿分25分)
假定你是李華,正在教你的英國朋友Leslie學習漢語。請你寫封郵件告知下次上課的計劃。內容包括:
1.時間和地點;
2.內容:學習唐詩;
3.課前準備:簡要了解唐朝的歷史。
注意:
1.詞數100左右;
2.可以適當增加細節(jié),以使行文連貫。
試題趨勢
今年的書面表達要求考生寫郵件,告知外國朋友漢語課的時間和內容 (屬學校生活、語言學習范疇)。與往年相比最大的變化是涉及我國優(yōu)秀的傳統(tǒng)文化,這符合2017年英語高考大綱提出的:在英語學習上重視和突出中華傳統(tǒng)價值觀,重視語言應用,回歸了英語作為語言功能的本質。因此,掌握一些傳統(tǒng)文化方面的英語知識很有必要。